Retrospective analysis of colon cancer incidence and treatment regimens at Sabratha national cancer institute (2021-2023).
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Abstract
Background: The colon is part of the digestive system. Digestive system absorbs vitamins, minerals,
carbs, fats, proteins, and water from meals and helps the body eliminate waste. The colon is the longest
section of the large intestine, then the rectum and anal canal. Cancer is a disorder in which the body's
cells grow out of control. Colorectal cancer is a type of cancer that begins in the colon or rectal. It is
also known as "colon cancer. It is the second biggest cause of cancer-related deaths globally. By 2040,
the annual incidence of colorectal cancer would rise to 3.2 million new cases and 1.6 million deaths
(WHO, 2023). Objective: This study aims to analyze trends and outcomes in colon cancer patients
diagnosed between 2021 and 2023 using data gathered from patient records, at the Sabrata National
Cancer Institute (SNCI). Also, research aims to shed light on the effectiveness of treatment approaches
and their impact on patients. Methods: Gather data from patient records, cancer registries, and
treatment databases at the National Cancer Institute in Sabratha. Through our 5-month study (from June
to November 2024) within the archives of the National Cancer Institute in Sabratha, inclusion criteria
were determined for patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer. Specify the period for analysis (2021 -
2023). Collect information on demographics (age, gender, ethnicity), stage at diagnosis, treatment
modalities (surgery, chemotherapy, radiation), and survival outcomes. Results: According to our
research peak age groups for colon cancer diagnoses are 50-59 years (28%) and 60-69 years (28%),
indicating the need for targeted screening and prevention efforts. The FOLFOX regimen is utilized by
67 patients (19%), indicating it as the predominant therapy. Xeloda (Capecitabine) is used by 14
patients (4%), representing a significantly lower proportion compared to FOLFOX. Conclusion:
Guidelines for Colorectal Cancer Screening are advised Screenings After the age of 45, screening ought
to begin. Frequent screenings are recommended. People with Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis may
need to have early screenings. A personal or family history of polyps or colorectal cancer. Early
screening may be necessary for genetic syndromes such as Lynch syndrome or familial adenomatous
polyposis.
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